See -ë on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Southern Khanty",
"lang_code": "kca-sou",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain",
"Krasnoyarsk"
],
"word": "-ȧ"
}
],
"lang": "Khanty",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Northern Mansi",
"lang_code": "mns-nor",
"roman": "-a",
"word": "-а"
}
],
"lang": "Mansi",
"lang_code": "mns"
}
],
"lang": "Ugric",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Komi-Zyrian",
"lang_code": "kpv",
"roman": "ö",
"word": "ӧ"
}
],
"lang": "Komi",
"lang_code": "kv"
},
{
"lang": "Udmurt",
"lang_code": "udm",
"roman": "a",
"word": "а"
}
],
"lang": "Permic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"lang_code": "se",
"word": "-a"
}
],
"lang": "Samic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "particle",
"cat2": "interrogative particles"
},
"expansion": "*-ë",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Uralic",
"lang_code": "urj-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/-ë",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Uralic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Uralic interrogative particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Uralic particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An enclitic, question-forming interrogative particle."
],
"id": "en--ë-urj-pro-particle-IDGoaTen",
"links": [
[
"question",
"question#English"
],
[
"interrogative",
"interrogative#English"
],
[
"particle",
"particle#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ë"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ë",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "mjaft (“enough”) + -ë → i mjaftë (“sufficient”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms adjectives from adverbs and nouns"
],
"id": "en--ë-sq-suffix-fSVtDXz0",
"links": [
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
],
[
"adverb",
"adverb#English"
],
[
"nouns",
"nouns#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 89",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 89",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "rroj (“to live”) + -ë → rrojë (“life”)"
},
{
"text": "jes (“to remain, exist”) + -ë → jetë (“life”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms deverbals"
],
"id": "en--ë-sq-suffix-QncAMt0O",
"links": [
[
"deverbal",
"deverbal#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncommon) forms deverbals"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-je"
},
{
"word": "-im"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"word": "-ë"
}
{
"categories": [
"Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Albanian lemmas",
"Albanian suffixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ë",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "mjaft (“enough”) + -ë → i mjaftë (“sufficient”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms adjectives from adverbs and nouns"
],
"links": [
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
],
[
"adverb",
"adverb#English"
],
[
"nouns",
"nouns#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Albanian terms with uncommon senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "rroj (“to live”) + -ë → rrojë (“life”)"
},
{
"text": "jes (“to remain, exist”) + -ë → jetë (“life”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms deverbals"
],
"links": [
[
"deverbal",
"deverbal#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncommon) forms deverbals"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-je"
},
{
"word": "-im"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"word": "-ë"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Southern Khanty",
"lang_code": "kca-sou",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain",
"Krasnoyarsk"
],
"word": "-ȧ"
}
],
"lang": "Khanty",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Northern Mansi",
"lang_code": "mns-nor",
"roman": "-a",
"word": "-а"
}
],
"lang": "Mansi",
"lang_code": "mns"
}
],
"lang": "Ugric",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Komi-Zyrian",
"lang_code": "kpv",
"roman": "ö",
"word": "ӧ"
}
],
"lang": "Komi",
"lang_code": "kv"
},
{
"lang": "Udmurt",
"lang_code": "udm",
"roman": "a",
"word": "а"
}
],
"lang": "Permic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"lang_code": "se",
"word": "-a"
}
],
"lang": "Samic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "particle",
"cat2": "interrogative particles"
},
"expansion": "*-ë",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Uralic",
"lang_code": "urj-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/-ë",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Uralic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Uralic interrogative particles",
"Proto-Uralic lemmas",
"Proto-Uralic particles"
],
"glosses": [
"An enclitic, question-forming interrogative particle."
],
"links": [
[
"question",
"question#English"
],
[
"interrogative",
"interrogative#English"
],
[
"particle",
"particle#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ë"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ë meaning in All languages combined (2.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.